1.電(dian)纜(lan)橋架(jia)按結(jie)構類(lei)(lei)型分類(lei)(lei)：托盤式、槽式、梯(ti)架(jia)式、大(da)跨距電(dian)纜(lan)橋架(jia)

　　托(tuo)盤(pan)式(shi)纜橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)是石油(you)、化工(gong)、輕(qing)工(gong)、電視、電訊等(deng)方面(mian)應(ying)用(yong)最(zui)廣泛的一種。它具有重(zhong)量輕(qing)、載(zai)荷大、造型漂亮、結構簡單、裝置便利等(deng)優點。它既(ji)適用(yong)于動力(li)電纜的裝置，也透用(yong)于操控電纜的敷(fu)設。托(tuo)盤(pan)式(shi)電纜橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)其表面(mian)處理分為鍍鋅和噴漆兩種，在重(zhong)腐(fu)蝕(shi)環(huan)境中可特(te)別防腐(fu)處理。托(tuo)盤(pan)式(shi)電纜橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)備有護罩，訂購(gou)時須配套相應(ying)的型號，其他配件與托(tuo)盤(pan)式(shi)、槽(cao)式(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)通用(yong)。

　　槽(cao)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋架(jia)是一種全封閉(bi)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋架(jia)。它(ta)(ta)最(zui)適用于敷(fu)規(gui)劃算機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)及其它(ta)(ta)高敏體系的操控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)等。它(ta)(ta)對操控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的屏蔽(bi)干(gan)擾和重腐蝕環境中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的防護都(dou)有較好效果(guo)。

　　梯(ti)架式(shi)電纜(lan)橋架是依(yi)據國內外有關材料而改(gai)善規劃(hua)的。它具有重(zhong)量輕(qing)、本錢(qian)低(di)、造型別(bie)具、裝置便(bian)利、散熱、透氣(qi)好等(deng)優點。他(ta)適用于一(yi)般直徑(jing)較大，高、低(di)壓動力電纜(lan)的敷(fu)設。

　　大跨距(ju)電(dian)(dian)纜橋架是由拉擠玻璃鋼型材拼(pin)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)而(er)成，適用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜、操(cao)控電(dian)(dian)纜、照明電(dian)(dian)纜及配件等。與鐵制(zhi)橋架比較，具(ju)有運用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)數長(一(yi)般規劃壽(shou)數為二十(shi)年(nian))、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置便(bian)利(li)且(qie)本錢(qian)低(di)、切割(ge)便(bian)利(li)、不需維護等優(you)越性。

　　托盤式(shi)橋架首要用于敷(fu)設截(jie)面大數量(liang)較少的(de)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)，槽式(shi)橋架首要用于敷(fu)設截(jie)面小但數量(liang)多的(de)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)。

　　梯(ti)架式、托(tuo)盤式、槽式電纜橋(qiao)(qiao)架各有優缺點(dian)：梯(ti)架式橋(qiao)(qiao)架具有杰(jie)出的通風(feng)功(gong)用(yong)，不(bu)防塵、不(bu)防干(gan)擾(rao);槽式、托(tuo)盤式匯線橋(qiao)(qiao)架具有防塵、防干(gan)擾(rao)功(gong)用(yong)。

　　2 電(dian)纜橋架(jia)按表面防腐處(chu)理分類(lei)

　　首(shou)要熱浸鋅(xin)(xin)(xin)、鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)(xin)鎳(nie)、冷鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)(xin)、粉末(mo)靜電(dian)噴涂(tu)等方法。熱浸鋅(xin)(xin)(xin)工藝(yi)壽(shou)數(shu)≥40年(nian)，適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于室外(wai)重腐蝕(shi)環(huan)境(jing)，造價高;鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)(xin)鎳(nie)工藝(yi)壽(shou)數(shu)≥30年(nian)，也適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于室外(wai)重腐蝕(shi)環(huan)境(jing)，造價高;冷鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)(xin)工藝(yi)壽(shou)數(shu)≥12年(nian)，適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于室外(wai)輕腐蝕(shi)環(huan)境(jing)，造價一般;粉末(mo)靜電(dian)噴涂(tu)工藝(yi)壽(shou)數(shu)≥12年(nian)，適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于室內常(chang)溫枯燥(zao)環(huan)境(jing)，價格一般。

　　冷鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)架：運(yun)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解設(she)備(bei)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)架經過除油酸洗、后(hou)放入成(cheng)分(fen)為鹽的(de)(de)溶液中，并銜(xian)接電(dian)(dian)(dian)解設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)架的(de)(de)對(dui)面放置(zhi)鋅(xin)(xin)板，銜(xian)接在電(dian)(dian)(dian)解設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)正極(ji)接通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，運(yun)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流從正極(ji)向(xiang)負(fu)極(ji)的(de)(de)定向(xiang)移動就會在電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)架上(shang)堆積(ji)一層鋅(xin)(xin)，即通(tong)常所說的(de)(de)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)鍍(du)”，冷鍍(du)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)架是先(xian)加工后(hou)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)。

　　熱(re)鍍(du)鋅(xin)電(dian)(dian)纜橋(qiao)架(jia)：制品酸洗(xi)-水洗(xi)-加助鍍(du)液(ye)-烘(hong)干-掛(gua)鍍(du)-冷(leng)卻-藥化-清洗(xi)-打磨-熱(re)鍍(du)鋅(xin)竣工(gong)，熱(re)鍍(du)鋅(xin)電(dian)(dian)纜橋(qiao)架(jia)是(shi)將除(chu)銹后的鋼構(gou)件浸入600℃左右高溫融(rong)化的鋅(xin)液(ye)中，使鋼構(gou)件表面(mian)附著(zhu)鋅(xin)層，從而起到防腐的意圖。熱(re)鍍(du)鋅(xin)表面(mian)沒有冷(leng)鍍(du)鋅(xin)細膩亮光，但(dan)鋅(xin)層厚度方面(mian)熱(re)鍍(du)鋅(xin)是(shi)冷(leng)鍍(du)鋅(xin)的幾十(shi)倍，防腐蝕功用也是(shi)電(dian)(dian)鍍(du)鋅(xin)的幾十(shi)倍。

　　噴塑(su)電(dian)纜橋(qiao)架：運(yun)(yun)用(yong)電(dian)暈放電(dian)現象使(shi)粉末涂(tu)料(liao)吸附在(zai)電(dian)纜橋(qiao)架上的從而使(shi)整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)件獲得必(bi)定厚度的粉末涂(tu)層(ceng)，然后經過熱使(shi)粉末熔融、流平、固化，即在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件表面形成堅固的涂(tu)膜。施工(gong)(gong)(gong)對(dui)環境(jing)無(wu)(wu)污染，對(dui)人(ren)體無(wu)(wu)毒害，對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)技術(shu)要求低，本錢低于噴漆(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝;有些(xie)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)場合已(yi)經明確提出必(bi)須運(yun)(yun)用(yong)靜電(dian)噴塑(su)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝處理。

　　鋅(xin)鎳合金電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)架：是在惡劣環境下敷設電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)達到(dao)(dao)耐(nai)腐蝕意圖，和(he)在高(gao)(gao)雅(ya)的環境中敷設電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)達到(dao)(dao)裝修意圖的理想裝置鍍層中含鋅(xin)量(liang)為80～90%，含鎳量(liang)為10～20%，防腐蝕功用(yong)比冷(leng)鍍鋅(xin)提高(gao)(gao)3～5倍(bei)，氫脆性小。

　　3 電(dian)纜橋架按原料(liao)分類

　　電纜橋架出產加工(gong)時(shi)可選用多(duo)種(zhong)原料，常用的有(you)碳鋼、不銹鋼、鋁合金和(he)玻璃鋼等。

　　Q235為普通碳素(su)結構鋼，因為含碳適中(zhong)，綜合功用較好，強度(du)、塑性和(he)焊接(jie)等(deng)功用得到(dao)(dao)較好配(pei)合，用處最廣泛。電纜橋架在進(jin)行加(jia)工(gong)時，需要對薄壁(bi)鋼板進(jin)行沖裁、剪(jian)切、折彎、焊接(jie)及(ji)磙壓成形(xing)等(deng)多種(zhong)加(jia)工(gong)。Q235 因為其優(you)良的延展性及(ji)可(ke)加(jia)工(gong)性受到(dao)(dao)極大的歡(huan)迎，能有用滿(man)足電纜橋架的加(jia)工(gong)要求。

　　不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)橋(qiao)架的(de)(de)(de)原料是運用(yong)不(bu)(bu)同型號原料的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)材制造而成的(de)(de)(de)，表面(mian)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)不(bu)(bu)需(xu)處理，其(qi)橋(qiao)架的(de)(de)(de)強度、耐腐蝕度比一(yi)般(ban)(ban)橋(qiao)架要高很多(duo)。不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)依(yi)據防腐級別(bie)分為多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)商標，電纜橋(qiao)架常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)有201、304、316幾種(zhong)(zhong)。電纜橋(qiao)架普遍(bian)選(xuan)用(yong)強防腐的(de)(de)(de)316不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)。

　　鋁合金(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)(jia)(jia)重量(liang)也很輕(qing)，鋁合金(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)(jia)(jia)外形(xing)尺寸、荷載(zai)特性(xing)(xing)均與鋼(gang)(gang)質橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)(jia)(jia)根(gen)本相近(jin)。就(jiu)費用而言，鋁合金(jin)橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)(jia)(jia)的造價比(bi)鍍鋅鋼(gang)(gang)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)(jia)(jia)要高(gao)20%，運用壽數(shu)是鋼(gang)(gang)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)(jia)(jia)的5倍以上。鋁合金(jin)橋(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)(jia)(jia)適用于水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)、石油化工(gong)領(ling)域，其輕(qing)質高(gao)強(qiang)的特性(xing)(xing)受(shou)到工(gong)程人員的喜歡。

　　玻(bo)璃(li)鋼(gang)分為無機和有(you)機兩(liang)種，均(jun)為非(fei)金屬原料，耐水(shui)性和耐腐蝕性好，具有(you)防火功用(yong)，合適化工廠。運用(yong)壽數長，一(yi)般規劃壽數為20年，但價格是鋼(gang)制(zhi)電纜(lan)橋架(jia)的3倍。施工的優(you)越性在(zai)于(yu)切割便(bian)利、拼裝靈(ling)敏。

　　4.電纜橋架防火(huo)等級挑選

　　防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)橋架是在(zai)一般橋架表面(mian)噴涂一層防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)漆，以起(qi)到(dao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)阻(zu)(zu)燃(ran)(ran)的(de)作用，防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)漆所起(qi)到(dao)的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)阻(zu)(zu)燃(ran)(ran)原(yuan)理，防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)橋架的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護厚度《電(dian)(dian)控配電(dian)(dian)用電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)橋架》要求，電(dian)(dian)鍍大于12μm ,熱鍍大于65μm ,噴塑大于50μm，防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)大于500μm ,能(neng)夠用測(ce)厚儀測(ce)出(chu)來(lai)。防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)橋架分為(wei)，內阻(zu)(zu)燃(ran)(ran)型、外阻(zu)(zu)燃(ran)(ran)型和(he)(he)全阻(zu)(zu)燃(ran)(ran)型，最重要的(de)部分便是防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)板，防(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)(huo)(huo)板選用硅質材料和(he)(he)鈣質材料為(wei)首要原(yuan)料，與必(bi)定比例的(de)纖維材料、輕質骨料、黏(nian)合劑和(he)(he)化學添(tian)加劑混合，經搶先的(de)蒸壓技術制成。

　　防(fang)火涂料是(shi)一(yi)種高(gao)效鋼(gang)結構維(wei)護產(chan)品。它(ta)精選高(gao)分(fen)子合成樹脂為成膜物(wu)質，加以阻燃劑、發泡(pao)劑、炭化(hua)劑及高(gao)溫耐火材料制造而成的(de)。它(ta)在高(gao)溫條件下(xia)(xia)，涂層(ceng)(ceng)發作接連發泡(pao)脹大效應，構成柔韌(ren)的(de)海(hai)綿狀的(de)炭化(hua)隔熱(re)層(ceng)(ceng)，使承載的(de)鋼(gang)結構不(bu)會因(yin)高(gao)溫烈(lie)焰的(de)作用而急(ji)劇軟化(hua)變形，強度不(bu)會急(ji)劇下(xia)(xia)降。表面防(fang)火涂料層(ceng)(ceng)噴(pen)涂要求均(jun)勻(yun)、光亮(liang)、無明(ming)顯色(se)差(cha)。

　　防火型電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)比(bi)鋼制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)稍貴，運用(yong)壽數是鋼制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)的3倍以上，重(zhong)量(liang)與(yu)鋼制電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)根本相同。在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)防火要求較高的場所，不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)選(xuan)用(yong)鋁合金電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)。其實(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)自身并不(bu)(bu)會(hui)著(zhu)(zhu)火，著(zhu)(zhu)火的只可(ke)能是電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，所以現在許多工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)都是直接選(xuan)用(yong)防火電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)節省了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)架(jia)和后期維護本錢。